Genetics in diabetes helps to uncover some of the most complex mechanism of multiple genes that regulates susceptibility. Various genetic markers associated with type 1 and 2 diabetes have been identified helping in risk assessment and prediction. These genetic underpinnings help us to detect and provide personalized treatment in the initial phases.
Transplantation especially of islet cells present in pancreas or whole pancreas offers some hope in diabetes management in the case of severe cases. Transplantation of islet cells even though is less invasive, but it faces many challenges like shortage of donor and immunosuppression health side effects. Whole pancreas transplantation, while effective, is reserved for severe cases due to surgical risks. Both avenues highlight the ongoing quest to balance efficacy, safety, and accessibility in diabetes transplantation therapies.